How do children develop a sense of independence?

Children develop a sense of independence primarily through experiencing both successes and failures. This process is crucial for their growth and self-esteem. When children face challenges, they learn to problem-solve, make decisions, and develop critical thinking skills. Successes boost their confidence, while failures teach resilience and the ability to cope with setbacks. This combination allows children to understand their capabilities and limits, fostering a sense of autonomy that is essential for independent functioning as they grow.

Participation in group activities can contribute to social skills and teamwork but does not solely focus on individual independence. While success is important, only experiencing it can limit a child's learning opportunities. Constant supervision by adults may provide safety but can hinder a child's ability to make choices and learn from their own experiences, which is vital for developing independence. Thus, the interplay of both successes and failures creates the foundation for children to become independent individuals.